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FCC hierarchical martensite transformation under dynamic impact in FeMnAlNiTi alloyLi, C.*; Fang, W.*; Yu, H. Y.*; Peng, T.*; Yao, Z. T.*; Liu, W. G.*; Zhang, X.*; 徐 平光; Yin, F.*
Materials Science & Engineering A, 892, p.146096_1 - 146096_11, 2024/02
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.04(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)The quasi-static superelastic responses and hierarchical martensite transformation from body-centered cubic (BCC) to face-centered cubic (FCC) under dynamic impact in Fe
Mn
Al
Ni
Ti
alloys were investigated. Polycrystalline and oligocrystalline alloys were produced through solution heat treatment and cyclic heat treatment processes, respectively. The results show the volume fraction of residual martensite for oligocrystalline alloys is lower, which exhibits better superelastic responses compared with polycrystalline alloys. Dynamic impact tests indicate that, despite the weakening of the grain boundary strengthening effect, the ultimate strength of the oligocrystalline alloys closely matches that of the polycrystalline alloys under dynamic impact. The martensite transformation of the FeMnAlNiTi alloy is characterized as hierarchical under dynamic impact, and increasing strain rates and grain sizes can enhance the BCC FCC martensite transformation, resulting in higher martensite phase fractions for oligocrystalline alloys. The increase in ultimate strength is attributed to the dynamic Hall-Petch effect introduced by more martensite phase interfaces under dynamic impact.
-Ti alloyZhang, B.*; Xin, S.*; Huang, M.*; Mao, W.; Jia, W.*; Li, Q.*; Li, S.*; Zhang, S.*; Mao, C.*
Materials Science & Engineering A, 890, p.145898_1 - 145898_7, 2024/01
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)本研究では、高Zr--Ti合金の変形温度を300Kから77Kに下げると回復ひずみが2.25%から5.5%に大幅に増加することを報告した。この合金の超弾性は77Kにおいて粒径に依存しないことがわかった。その結果、粗粒試料は77Kで超微粒試料とほぼ同じ超弾性を示すことがわかった。変形誘起マルテンサイト変態と転位すべりの相対的な容易さは77Kで大きく変化し、転位すべりは強く抑制され、超弾性に対する結晶粒の微細化の影響は影を潜めた。
Wang, Y. W.*; Wang, H. H.*; Su, Y. H.; 徐 平光; 篠原 武尚
Materials Science & Engineering A, 887, p.145768_1 - 145768_13, 2023/11
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：54.26(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)A unique impact fracture behavior is found in a high-Mn austenitic steel (24Mn-4Cr-0.4C-0.3Cu) in this work. The steel exhibits concurrent twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) effect and the transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect. By analyzing the load-deflection curves recorded during Charpy impact testing, the resistance to crack initiation and propagation is quantified from the absorbed energy. The high-Mn steel demonstrates good resistance to crack initiation at 273 K and 77 K. However, as the temperature decreases from 273 K to 77 K, there is an accelerated transition from stable crack growth to unstable crack growth during impact, resulting in the deterioration of resistance to crack propagation. The plastic deformation of the impact-tested samples, especially in the region close to the crack-path profile was quantitatively analyzed using neutron Bragg-edge transmission (BET) imaging. The deformation zones, divided by using the width of the 200 Bragg edge, exhibit good agreement with the impact absorbed energy characteristics obtained from dynamic load-deflection curves. Moreover, the unstable growth transition point was roughly determined on the impact-tested sample. Then, the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique is employed to examine the deformation microstructure along the crack-path in the impact-tested samples. The results revealed the dual roles of TRIP effect in impact toughness of the high-Mn steel. On one hand, the TRIP effect plays a positive role in improving resistance to crack initiation and propagation. On the other hand, the excessive accumulation of brittle 
/
'-martensite caused by the enhanced TRIP effect at 77 K leads to quasi-cleavage fracture, thereby playing a negative role. Finally, we discussed the prominent toughening mechanisms associated with the TWIP and TRIP effects, which greatly impact the impact fracture behavior.
Lam, T.-N.*; Lee, A.*; Chiu, Y.-R.*; Kuo, H.-F.*; 川崎 卓郎; Harjo, S.; Jain, J.*; Lee, S. Y.*; Huang, E.-W.*
Materials Science & Engineering A, 856, p.143961_1 - 143961_9, 2022/10
被引用回数：4 パーセンタイル：45.58(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)Fine melt pool (FMP), coarse melt pool (CMP), and heat affected zone (HAZ) are generally observed in the additive manufactured AlSi10Mg alloys. In this study, we demonstrated that the yield strength can be estimated by the combination of the sizes and volume fractions of FMP, CMP, HAZ together with the second-phase hardening. Two different AlSi10Mg alloys fabricated via powder bed fusion (PBF) process were prepared to examine the lattice strain evolution of constituent phases during uniaxial tensile loading via in-situ neutron diffraction measurements. The horizontally-built (Hz-built) exhibited a much better yield and tensile strength as well as elongation compared to the vertically-built (Vt-built) AlSi10Mg alloy. We reported empirical strength quantification based on the sizes and ratios of fine melt pool (FMP), coarse melt pool (CMP), and heat affected zone (HAZ) together with the possible failure mode to prevent early fracture in the additive manufactured alloys.
段野下 宙志*; 長谷川 寛*; 樋口 翔*; 松田 広志*; Gong, W.; 川崎 卓郎; Harjo, S.; 梅澤 修*
Materials Science & Engineering A, 854, p.143795_1 - 143795_12, 2022/09
被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：45.58(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)The role of the dislocation structure on the work-hardening behavior during the tensile deformation of quenched and tempered martensite was studied. The evolution of the dislocation structure during tensile deformation at room temperature in ultralow-carbon 18 mass%Ni martensitic steels under the conditions of as-quenched by subzero-treatment (SZ) and quenched-and-tempered at 573 and 773 K (T573 and T773, respectively) was monitored using in situ time-of-flight neutron diffraction combined with the convolutional multiple whole profile (CMWP) procedure. The changes in the dislocation parameters due to tempering and deformation obtained by the CMWP procedure were explained by the metallurgical phenomena of body-centered cubic iron.
Mao, W.; Gong, W.; 川崎 卓郎; Harjo, S.
Materials Science & Engineering A, 837, p.142758_1 - 142758_8, 2022/03
被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：64.46(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)The effect of the deformation-induced martensitic transformation (DIMT) on the Portevin-Le Chatelier (PLC) effect in Fe-24Ni-0.3C (wt%) metastable austenitic steel was investigated herein by using digital image correlation (DIC) technique combined with in-situ neutron diffraction. The DIMT and the PLC deformation were simultaneously observed by in-situ neutron diffraction and DIC, respectively. The results showed that the type of PLC bands changed from type A + B to type C after the DIMT occurrence (i.e., the PLC band behavior changed from propagation type to random static nucleation type, while the localized deformation suddenly and significantly increased). The DIC analysis demonstrated that the strain per PLC band did not immediately increase after the martensite formation. The remarked increase in the localized deformation was mainly attributed to the unusual temporary spatial aggregations of the type C PLC bands caused by the autocatalytic effect of the martensitic transformation.
三浦 博己*; 渡邊 千尋*; 青柳 吉輝*; 大場 洋次郎; 小林 正和*; 吉永 直樹*
Materials Science & Engineering A, 833, p.142531_1 - 142531_12, 2022/01
被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：45.58(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)The nanostructure produced by heavy cold rolling provides tensile strength of 1.9 GPa in SUS316LN austenitic stainless steel, which is further raised up to 2.2 GPa by peak aging at 748 K. Nanostructural observations using electron microscopes, small-angle scattering, and atom probe tomography revealed segregation of solute elements of Mo, Si, and so on at twin and low-angle lamellar boundaries. Finite element calculation demonstrates that this grain-boundary segregation can increase the mechanical strength.
Kim, Y. S.*; Chae, H.*; Woo, W.*; Kim, D.-K.*; Lee, D.-H.*; Harjo, S.; 川崎 卓郎; Lee, S. Y.*
Materials Science & Engineering A, 828, p.142059_1 - 142059_10, 2021/11
被引用回数：15 パーセンタイル：80.35(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)CoCrNi medium entropy alloy (MEA) and stainless steel 316L (SS316L) were manufactured by direct energy deposition of additive manufacturing (DED-AM). Exceptional mechanical properties of DED CoCrNi at 210K were achieved by the activities of a multiple deformation scheme that changed from dislocation slip to twinning-induced plasticity followed by transformation-induced plasticity. While SS316L at room temperature has micro-twins, CoCrNi at 210K exhibited nano-twins, resulting from lower stacking fault energy. Moreover, transformed hexagonal close-packed (HCP) phases were found near the face-centered cubic (FCC) {111} grain boundaries, where remarkable stacking faults and severe lattice distortion were measured.
渡部 雅; 関 崇行*
Materials Science & Engineering B, 272, p.115369_1 - 115369_6, 2021/10
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：7.92(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)本研究では、CeO
の初期焼結挙動における酸素不定比性の効果を調査した。その結果、定比組成及び不定比組成における初期焼結は粒界拡散によって制御されていることがわかった。また、カチオン拡散の活性化エネルギーを初期焼結データから導出した。さらにカチオン拡散は単空孔機構によって生じることが示唆された。
Villaret, F.*; Boulnat, X.*; Aubry, P.*; 矢野 康英; 大塚 智史; Fabregue, D.*; de Carlan, Y.*
Materials Science & Engineering A, 824, p.141794_1 - 141794_10, 2021/09
被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：25.78(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)This article presents the Laser Beam Direct Energy Deposition (DED-LBD) process as a method to build a graded austenitic-to-martensitic steel junction. Builds were obtained by varying the ratio of the two powders during DED-LB processing. Samples with gradual transitions were successfully obtained using a high dilution rate from one layer to the next. Long austenitic grains are observed on 316L side while martensitic grains are observed on Fe-9Cr-1Mo side. In the transition zone, the microstructure is mainly martensitic. Characterizations were performed after building and after a tempering heat treatment at630
C during 8h and compared to dissimilar Electron Beam (EB) welds. Before heat treatment, the DBD-LB graded area has high hardness due to fresh martensite formed during building. Tempering heat treatment reduces this hardness to 300 Hv. EDS measurements indicate that the chemical gradient between 316L and Fe-9Cr-1Mo obtained by DED-LB is smoother than the chemical change obtained in EB welds. Microstructures in DED-LB samples are quite different from those obtained by EB welding. Hardness values in DMD-LB samples and in welds are similar; the weld metal and the Fe-9Cr-1Mo HAZ are relatively hard after welding because of fresh martensite, as found in the DED-LB transition zone; both are softened by the tempering heat treatment. Both welds were overmatched at 20, 400 and 550C.
山下 享介*; 古賀 紀光*; 川崎 卓郎; 諸岡 聡; 友野 翔平*; 梅澤 修*; Harjo, S.
Materials Science & Engineering A, 819, p.141509_1 - 141509_10, 2021/07
被引用回数：21 パーセンタイル：83.73(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)In-situ neutron diffraction measurements were performed on a cold-rolled copper-iron (Cu-Fe) alloy during tensile tests at 293 K and 150 K. The roles of Cu and Fe on the deformation behavior of alloys were discussed and clarified. The strength and work-hardening rate of the alloy increased with decreasing test temperature. Furthermore, the phase stress of Fe increased considerably with decreasing test temperature; however, the response of this stress to the applied true stress exhibited no dependence on the temperature. The phase stresses of Cu changed only slightly with decreasing test temperature. However, the Cu phase stress response to the applied true stress increased with decreasing test temperature, indicating an increase in the work-hardening rate. The strengthening of Fe and the increase in the work-hardening of Cu contributed to an increase in the strength and work-hardening rate of the Cu-Fe alloy at low temperatures.
熊谷 正芳*; 秋田 貢一*; 黒田 雅利*; Harjo, S.
Materials Science & Engineering A, 820, p.141582_1 - 141582_9, 2021/07
被引用回数：9 パーセンタイル：62.81(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)In situ neutron diffraction during 250 cycles of plastic deformation was performed and the diffraction line profile analysis was performed to qualitatively evaluate the change in the microstructure of austenitic stainless steel during the cyclic deformation. The dislocation density increased with increasing number of cycles until 50 cycles but thereafter decreased. The cycle number corresponding to this maximum point differed depending on whether it was evaluated as the total dislocation density or was deconvoluted into edge and screw dislocation densities. At the initial state, edge dislocations were predominant; however, screw dislocations greatly increased at the first stage of cyclic loading. Afterwards, edge dislocations formed cell walls and screw dislocations annihilated.
鵜飼 重治*; 矢野 康英; 井上 利彦; 曽和 貴志*
Materials Science & Engineering A, 812, p.141076_1 - 141076_11, 2021/04
被引用回数：12 パーセンタイル：73.14(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)FeCrAl-ODS鋼は、軽水炉の事故耐性燃料に対する有望な材料として期待されている。この合金に対してAlとCrは鍵となる元素であり、Crはアルミナ形成を促進し、Alは脆性相となるCrリッチ相(')の形成を抑制する重要な相乗効果を有している。今回の研究では、Cr(9-16at.%)とAl(10-17 at.%)の添加量を系統的に変化させ、室温, 300, 700度の引張試験を実施し、CrとAlの両添加に及ぼす固溶強化に関する調査を行った。その結果、軽水炉の運転温度である300度において、CrとAlの1at.%当りの固溶強化量は、それぞれ20, 5MPaと直線的に増加することが分かった。この固溶強化量は、一般的なFleischer-Friedel理論やLabusch理論では説明できず、鈴木の変形はラセン転位の2重キンク機構により説明可能であることを明らかにした。本研究成果は、文部科学省の原子力システム研究開発事業による委託業務として、北海道大学が実施した平成25-28年度「事故時高温条件での燃料健全性確保のためのODSフェライト鋼燃料被覆管」の研究成果である。
鵜飼 重治; 加藤 章一; 古川 智弘; 大塚 智史
Materials Science & Engineering A, 794, p.139863_1 - 139863_13, 2020/09
被引用回数：44 パーセンタイル：95.09(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)著者が代表者として文部科学省の原子力システム研究開発事業(平成25年度
平成28年度)で実施したFeCrAl-ODS合金のクリープ試験結果を解析したものである。本合金は軽水炉事故耐性被覆管として開発したもので、転位と酸化物粒子の弾性相互作用と転位の上昇運動による応力緩和効果を考慮して、転位の酸化物粒子からの離脱応力を求めた。この離脱応力を新たに作成した一般化した歪速度-応力関係図の中にプロットすることで、以下のことを明らかにした。設定応力が離脱応力を越える場合、転位は酸化物粒子を乗越えて変形するが、その場合でも転位の上昇運動による応力緩和が重要である。設定応力が離脱応力に達しない場合、転位は酸化物粒子を乗り越えられず、粒界すべりが起こる。事故時1000Cでは粒界すべり支配の変形となる。以上、軽水炉事故耐性用FeCrAl-ODS合金被覆管について、事故時に経験する1000C高温で、低応力・低歪速度で起こる変形予測に適用可能な高温クリープ構成式を変形メカニズムと共に提示した。
Woo, W.*; Naeem, M.*; Jeong, J.-S.*; Lee, C.-M.*; Harjo, S.; 川崎 卓郎; He, H.*; Wang, X.-L.*
Materials Science & Engineering A, 781, p.139224_1 - 139224_7, 2020/04
被引用回数：38 パーセンタイル：93.57(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)To elucidate deformation behavior behind the exceptional mechanical properties of CrCoNi based medium entropy alloys, the deformation related microstructural parameters were determined by using in situ neutron diffraction and peaks profile analysis methods. Superior tensile strength and elongation of the CrCoNi alloy is relevant to higher twin fault probability (
, up to 3.8%) and dislocation density (
, up to 9.7 
10
m
) compared to those (1.3% and 3.4 10 m, respectively) of the CrCoNiFe at 293K. Meanwhile, at 140K, the of the CrCoNiFe significantly increased up to 4.4% with the stable of 5.0 10 m and its mechanical properties overwhelm those of the CrCoNi at 273K. Such twinning dominant deformation mechanism at low temperature is also assured by lower stacking fault energy (SFE) of the CrCoNiFe at 140K compared to those of the CrCoNi and CrCoNiFe alloys at 293K.
小柳 禎彦*; 植田 茂紀*; 川崎 卓郎; Harjo, S.; Cho, K.*; 安田 弘行*
Materials Science & Engineering A, 773, p.138822_1 - 138822_11, 2020/01
被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：19.16(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)The strengthening mechanism of Ni-38Cr-3.8Al (mass%) alloy with fine lamellar structure composed of the 
and -Cr layers, which is formed by discontinuous precipitation, was examined by in situ neutron diffraction analysis. The contribution of each constituent phase on the deformation behavior could be separated by the in situ analysis. The plastic deformation occurred preferentially in the 
and 
phases, while the -Cr phase deformed more elastically even beyond the yield point of the and phases, which is similar to the cementite in pearlite of a steel. Fine nano-lamellar structure formed by the discontinuous precipitation is found to be mainly responsible for high strength of the alloys, while the influence of the precipitates on strength is likely to be small.
Aghamiri, S. M. S.*; 曽和 貴志*; 鵜飼 重治*; 大野 直子*; 坂本 寛*; 山下 真一郎
Materials Science & Engineering A, 771, p.138636_1 - 138636_12, 2020/01
被引用回数：32 パーセンタイル：90.98(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)酸化物分散強化型FeCrAlフェライト鋼は、高温までの優れた機械特性とアルミナ皮膜形成による水蒸気酸化特性の著しい改善により、軽水炉用事故耐性燃料被覆管候補材料として開発されてきている。本研究では、被覆管成型プロセスにおいて、1100Cと1150Cの異なる引き抜き温度で成型した時のFeCrAl-ODS被覆管の微細組織特性及び引張特性を調査した。温間引き抜き成型した試料では、
110
方向に沿った集合組織を有するミクロンサイズの繊維であったのに対し、冷間ピルガ-圧延で成型した微細組織では、結晶の回転を経由し、110方向に沿った集合組織を有するミクロンサイズの繊維と{111}面に沿った集合組織を有するサブミクロンサイズの繊維が確認された。次に、最終アニーリングを行うことで、これらの組織は約810-850Cで再結晶化した大粒径の再結晶組織に変化した。再結晶被覆管材において、これら2つの異なる集合体組織発達が生じた。すなわち、引き抜き温度を1100Cにして成型した時に形成した(110) 211集合組織を有する大きな伸張粒と、より高い温度の1150Cで引き抜き成型した時に見られた(110) 211集合組織と{111} 112集合組織である。1100Cで引き抜き加工を施した被覆管において生じた異なる集合組織の発達と再結晶の遅延は、酸化物粒子の高密度分散に起因していると考えられる。
Chae, H.*; Huang, E.-W.*; Jain, J.*; Wang, H.*; Woo, W.*; Chen, S.-W.*; Harjo, S.; 川崎 卓郎; Lee, S. Y.*
Materials Science & Engineering A, 762, p.138065_1 - 138065_10, 2019/08
被引用回数：41 パーセンタイル：91.99(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)Plastic anisotropy and deformation-induced phase transformation of additively manufactured (AM) stainless steels were investigated via in-situ neutron diffraction, electron backscatter diffraction, metallography, and fractography. Two types of tensile specimens were manufactured: (1) One sample was vertically fabricated with its tensile axis parallel to the z-direction (AM-V), (2) The other sample was horizontally fabricated with its tensile axis perpendicular to the z-direction (AM-H). A commercial 15-5PH stainless steel (CA) was used for comparison. AM steel revealed enhanced yield strength, tensile strength, and uniform elongation over CA, which was mainly due to grain refinement and transformation induced plasticity (TRIP). Different onsets of strain nonlinearity between AM-V and AM-H were closely related to martensitic phase transformation.
友田 陽*; 小嶋 真由美*; Harjo, S.; Gong, W.*; 佐藤 成男*; Ung
r, T.*
Materials Science & Engineering A, 743, p.32 - 39, 2019/01
被引用回数：25 パーセンタイル：80.65(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)Heterogeneous plastic deformation behavior of 
oriented individual grains-family with respect to the tensile direction in austenitic steels was studied using electron back scatter diffraction (EBSD) and neutron diffraction (ND) measurements. The kernel averaged misorientation value determined by EBSD for a plastically deformed specimen was different in grain to grain, suggesting different dislocation densities. Such insights obtained from the surface observations with EBSD were quantitatively evaluated as bulk-averaged data using ND. The convolutional multiple whole profile fitting (CMWP) for ND profiles has revealed different dislocation densities in oriented grains-families, showing good coincidence with the EBSD results in trend.
染川 英俊*; 都留 智仁
Materials Science & Engineering A, 708, p.267 - 273, 2017/12
被引用回数：31 パーセンタイル：80.57(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)マグネシウム合金における合金元素の粒界すべりへの影響を実験と第一原理計算によって検討した。ナノインデンテーションの実験から、粒界すべりに関係する緩衝能力やひずみ速度依存性が合金元素の添加によって大きく異なることが確認された。合金元素の粒界への影響に関して、第一原理計算を用いて粒界エネルギー変化を求め実験と比較した結果、得られた粒界エネルギーは緩衝能力と相関関係があることがわかった。また、これらの粒界特性の変化は第一原理計算による電子状態解析から合金元素の粒界における化学的性質によって特徴づけられることがわかった。
